Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Pamplona Bull Run Danger Bullââ¬â¢s Eye! Free Essays
Bullââ¬â¢s Eye! Each year from the 7th to the 14th of July, people gather from all around the world in Pamplona, Spain for an appalling event- the Pamplona Bull Run, I think this event Is truly awful because every year, lives are taken from not only the experienced older runners, but also from the inexperienced young teenagers. As you will have guessed by now, the Pamplona Bull Run is indeed a dangerous event with many injuries and even deaths every single year. The most dangerous element for the runners are the slippery cobbles (besides the bulls of course). We will write a custom essay sample on The Pamplona Bull Run: Danger Bullââ¬â¢s Eye! or any similar topic only for you Order Now These can cause pile ups being the ultimate death trap for the runner since everybody is hysterically trying to squeeze past. Surely there are ââ¬Ëpolicemen and nurses present but once the race has begun, theyââ¬â¢re unable to help out because theyââ¬â¢re mainly behind the unstable barricades, controlling the chaotic masses. Their presence does not mean safety, itââ¬â¢s Just to show that they are there and to make everything seem safe, when actually, nothing Is safe. Could you imagine that anybody is allowed to Join this event? Even the young and Immature college kids who have been ââ¬Ëdrinking all night-theyââ¬â¢re basically dead meat. You couldnââ¬â¢t possibly succeed running against a bull for the first time, itââ¬â¢s like throwing a 2 year old baby into a pool without floaties. The experienced runners should still be scared though. They are ââ¬Ëarmedââ¬â¢ with rolled up newspapers to stop the angry, charging bulls when in danger, because that is just the ultimate weapon when youââ¬â¢re trying to save your own life! That is Just absolutely ridiculous, because your life depends on a newspaper- nothing else. If gladiatorial fights were stopped hundreds of years ago, then why does the battle between man and bull still exist today? Itââ¬â¢s basically the same concept ââ¬â killing Is illing. Is there a difference between man and bull? Why would the life of a human have a higher value than the life of a bull? I dont understand. The Pamplona Bull Run is still said to be a very cultured event since its ââ¬Ëin honor of Saint Ferminââ¬â¢. However, is this still the reason nowadays why people are running from bulls? I donââ¬â¢t think so. Nowadays, In my opinion, culture Is not as important as It once was. People are using this event to show off their manliness, bravery and skill ââ¬â not for the history, which lies in this place. The media has been too open about this event; they milk this event for views, eplying some of the most disturbing parts when runners are trampled on and so on â⬠you get the Idea. Especially to little children who grow up watching this, how will this influence them? The event might event demonstrate that such animal cruelty and violence Is okay! Anotner negative Tactor 0T tnls event Is tne costs 0T damage ana repalr (as well as medical supply etc. ). ââ¬ËTons and tons of glass has been collected from the streetsââ¬â¢. It gets to the point, where normal people who actually live in the bull-run area, have to put up protection for their own houses, so they donââ¬â¢t get absolutely trashed. Thatââ¬â¢s just outrageous if you ask me. You either put up protection for your house, or there are high chances of it getting destroyed ââ¬â unbelievable. But after all, the amount of damage caused, isnââ¬â¢t hard to believe since thereââ¬â¢s angry bulls running amok in narrow pathways. I hope, in the future, the Pamplona Bull Run will be extinguished, because itââ¬â¢s Just naturally wrong. Do you find this fun or entertaining, to watch a bull slowly and painfully die? I hope that there will be an immediate end to this festivalââ¬â¢. Sadly, too many people celebrate this, so trying to put an end to an event this big, would be like waiting for rain in a drought ââ¬â hopeless and disappointing. How to cite The Pamplona Bull Run: Danger Bullââ¬â¢s Eye!, Papers
The Pamplona Bull Run Danger Bullââ¬â¢s Eye! Free Essays
Bullââ¬â¢s Eye! Each year from the 7th to the 14th of July, people gather from all around the world in Pamplona, Spain for an appalling event- the Pamplona Bull Run, I think this event Is truly awful because every year, lives are taken from not only the experienced older runners, but also from the inexperienced young teenagers. As you will have guessed by now, the Pamplona Bull Run is indeed a dangerous event with many injuries and even deaths every single year. The most dangerous element for the runners are the slippery cobbles (besides the bulls of course). We will write a custom essay sample on The Pamplona Bull Run: Danger Bullââ¬â¢s Eye! or any similar topic only for you Order Now These can cause pile ups being the ultimate death trap for the runner since everybody is hysterically trying to squeeze past. Surely there are ââ¬Ëpolicemen and nurses present but once the race has begun, theyââ¬â¢re unable to help out because theyââ¬â¢re mainly behind the unstable barricades, controlling the chaotic masses. Their presence does not mean safety, itââ¬â¢s Just to show that they are there and to make everything seem safe, when actually, nothing Is safe. Could you imagine that anybody is allowed to Join this event? Even the young and Immature college kids who have been ââ¬Ëdrinking all night-theyââ¬â¢re basically dead meat. You couldnââ¬â¢t possibly succeed running against a bull for the first time, itââ¬â¢s like throwing a 2 year old baby into a pool without floaties. The experienced runners should still be scared though. They are ââ¬Ëarmedââ¬â¢ with rolled up newspapers to stop the angry, charging bulls when in danger, because that is just the ultimate weapon when youââ¬â¢re trying to save your own life! That is Just absolutely ridiculous, because your life depends on a newspaper- nothing else. If gladiatorial fights were stopped hundreds of years ago, then why does the battle between man and bull still exist today? Itââ¬â¢s basically the same concept ââ¬â killing Is illing. Is there a difference between man and bull? Why would the life of a human have a higher value than the life of a bull? I dont understand. The Pamplona Bull Run is still said to be a very cultured event since its ââ¬Ëin honor of Saint Ferminââ¬â¢. However, is this still the reason nowadays why people are running from bulls? I donââ¬â¢t think so. Nowadays, In my opinion, culture Is not as important as It once was. People are using this event to show off their manliness, bravery and skill ââ¬â not for the history, which lies in this place. The media has been too open about this event; they milk this event for views, eplying some of the most disturbing parts when runners are trampled on and so on â⬠you get the Idea. Especially to little children who grow up watching this, how will this influence them? The event might event demonstrate that such animal cruelty and violence Is okay! Anotner negative Tactor 0T tnls event Is tne costs 0T damage ana repalr (as well as medical supply etc. ). ââ¬ËTons and tons of glass has been collected from the streetsââ¬â¢. It gets to the point, where normal people who actually live in the bull-run area, have to put up protection for their own houses, so they donââ¬â¢t get absolutely trashed. Thatââ¬â¢s just outrageous if you ask me. You either put up protection for your house, or there are high chances of it getting destroyed ââ¬â unbelievable. But after all, the amount of damage caused, isnââ¬â¢t hard to believe since thereââ¬â¢s angry bulls running amok in narrow pathways. I hope, in the future, the Pamplona Bull Run will be extinguished, because itââ¬â¢s Just naturally wrong. Do you find this fun or entertaining, to watch a bull slowly and painfully die? I hope that there will be an immediate end to this festivalââ¬â¢. Sadly, too many people celebrate this, so trying to put an end to an event this big, would be like waiting for rain in a drought ââ¬â hopeless and disappointing. How to cite The Pamplona Bull Run: Danger Bullââ¬â¢s Eye!, Papers
Saturday, April 25, 2020
Obsession of Perfection Essay Essay Example
Obsession of Perfection Essay Paper The relentless chase of human flawlessness has ever been an intrinsic trait of human nature and scientific discipline has been a mean to accomplish it. This statement brings us to the chief thought of Hawthorneââ¬â¢s short narrative ââ¬Å"The Birth-mark. â⬠It shows the narrative of a scientist who is obsessed with the remotion of his wifeââ¬â¢s nevus. sing it a symbol of her human imperfectness. ââ¬Å"The Birth-markâ⬠is perchance influenced by Hawthorneââ¬â¢s times where scientific discipline began to derive cognition about our universe and was well glorified. through scientific experiment. world can detect. cognize. and make merely about anything. As the storyteller explains. ââ¬Å"In those yearss when the relatively recent find of electricity and other akin enigmas of Nature seemed to open waies into the part of miracle. [ â⬠¦ ] in its deepness and absorbing energyâ⬠( Hawthorne 209 ) . The authorââ¬â¢s narrative presents some critical issues abo ut what it signifies to be human. how much scientific discipline can state us about the universe. what happens when human existences effort to overthrow nature through scientific discipline. and perchance more significantly. should we seek to ââ¬Å"play Godâ⬠in this mode. We will write a custom essay sample on Obsession of Perfection Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Obsession of Perfection Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Obsession of Perfection Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer ââ¬Å"The Birth-markâ⬠like other narratives by Nathaniel Hawthorne provides us with moral fables and much of the significance is through Hawthorneââ¬â¢s usage of symbolism that addresses the subjects such as use of scientific discipline. humanityââ¬â¢s defects. and compulsion with flawlessness. Hawthorne uses an challenging secret plan and alone word picture in order to learn lessons about the imperfectability of worlds by analyzing at the abuse of scientific discipline. Since Hawthorne is involved in the relation of a moral narrative. it is appropriate to see in this essay the ways ââ¬Å"The Birth-markâ⬠takes the moral to warn its readers about the dangers of scientific discipline and compulsion with flawlessness. Therefore. this essay will discourse the significance of the more obvious lessons that Hawthorneââ¬â¢s short narrative ââ¬Å"The Birth-markâ⬠suggests. the imperfect nature of world. the restrictions that scientific discipline has. and the cont entment that worlds should hold on what they already possess. The chief character Aylmer. ââ¬Å"a adult male of scientific discipline ? an high proficient in every subdivision of natural philosophyâ⬠( Hawthorne 209 ) . suffers from a unsighted compulsion about a bantam ruddy nevus resembling the form of a manus that his gorgeous married woman Georgiana has on her cheek. As Aylmer declares: ââ¬Å"Ah. upon another face possibly it might. â⬠replied her hubby ; ââ¬Å"but neer on yours. No. dearest Georgiana. you came so about perfect from the manus of Nature. that this slightest possible defect ? which we hesitate whether to term a defect or a beauty ? dazes me. as being the seeable grade of earthly imperfectionâ⬠( Hawthorne 209 ) . He seeks to take his wifeââ¬â¢s nevus. the symbol of needfully flawed humanity. and do her perfect. Georgianaââ¬â¢s nevus represents manââ¬â¢s imperfectnesss. the very imperfectnesss that make her homo. The nevus is profoundly deep-rooted in her face. ââ¬Å"It was the fatal defect of humanity which Nature. in one form or another. casts ineffaceably on all her productions. either to connote that they are impermanent and finite. or that their flawlessness must be wrought by labor and painâ⬠( Hawthorne 211 ) . We can presume that. symbolically. this transition implies that manââ¬â¢s imperfectnesss are profoundly embedded in his nature. ââ¬Å"The Birthmarkâ⬠illustrates the defects of world. but its most important declaration is that to be human is necessarily to be flawed. To fight for flawlessness is to deny humanââ¬â¢s ain nature. to deny what makes us human. and to accomplish such flawlessness is basically impossible. It becomes clear when the storyteller of the narrative describes Georgianaââ¬â¢s decease ââ¬Å"The fatal manus had grappled with the enig ma of life. and was the bond by which an angelic spirit kept itself in brotherhood with a mortal frame. As the last red shade of the birthmarkââ¬âthat sole item of homo imperfectionââ¬âfaded from her cheek. the separating breath of the now perfect adult female passed into the ambiance. and her psyche. lingering a minute near her hubby. took its heavenward flightâ⬠( Hawthorne 222 ) . by extinguishing Georgianaââ¬â¢s imperfectness. Aylmer besides liberates her of her humanity. Once she is perfect. once she is no longer flawed. Georgiana can no longer live. Hawthorneââ¬â¢s message is that being imperfect is merely portion of being human. If you are non flawed. you are non human any longer. It seems so ; that the cardinal lesson and implicit in moral message behind this transition is that seeking to set a little error manner up out of proportion. in effort to make something perfect. merely destroys a good thing and leave us with the fatal effects that come with mindless compulsion of prosecuting flawlessness. Another illustration of a moral lesson that Hawthorneââ¬â¢s short narrative ââ¬Å"The Birth-markâ⬠suggests is that scientific discipline truly does hold its restrictions. There are certain things that worlds are non privileged to cognize or capable of making. It is non merely chesty. the narrative seems to implies. but perfectly unsafe to seek to play God. ââ¬Å"Much as he had accomplished. she could non but observe that his most glorious successes were about constantly failures [ â⬠¦ ] His brightest diamonds were the merest pebbles. and felt to be so by himself. in comparing with the incomputable treasures which lay hidden beyond his reachâ⬠( Hawthorne 217 ) . Aylmer can non detect everything about Nature ; he has failed in his past experiments and he will neglect once more with Georgiana. One of the many ethical motives of the narrative is that Nature carefully protects her secrets and can non be overcome or even matched by adult male. As we discuss in the debut of this essay. Hawthorne wrote ââ¬Å"The Birthmarkâ⬠at a clip when the scientific method was being glorified and people were get downing to believe scientific discipline truly could take us anyplace we wanted to travel. ââ¬Å"The Birthmarkâ⬠is showing Nature as the personified Godhead of all things. as a God. There are deductions in the narrative about moral ethical issues as scientific discipline trials new drugs in human existences for case. or scientists playing to be god like in the instance of human cloning. Finally. it delivers the moral about what happens when human existences effort to dispute and change nature that can and frequently will stop in tragic effects. Aylmerââ¬â¢s gorgeous married woman. Georgiana is extremely desirable because of her beauty. The storyteller describes her. declaring: ââ¬Å"Georgianaââ¬â¢s lovers were wont to state that some faery at her birth hr had laid her bantam manus upon the infantââ¬â¢s cheek. [ â⬠¦ ] to give her such sway over all heartsâ⬠( Hawthorne 210 ) . She is perfect in every manner. except for one bantam defect that Aylmer canââ¬â¢t accept. ââ¬Å"At all the seasons which should hold been their happiest. he constantly [ â⬠¦ ] opened his eyes upon his wifeââ¬â¢s face and recognized the symbol of imperfectionâ⬠( Hawthorne 211 ) . Aylmer is more and more bothered by his wifeââ¬â¢s nevus. He grows to happen it absolutely unbearable. and even depict it ââ¬Å"as the symbol of his wifeââ¬â¢s liability to transgress. sorrow. decay. and deathâ⬠( Hawthorne 211 ) . The compulsion with flawlessness blinds Aylmer to the true beauty and humanity of his married woman . demoing the battle between accepting her true natural beauty and manââ¬â¢s inability to comprehend it and appreciate what nature has bestowed upon him. As the narrative revels through this of import quotation mark ââ¬Å"Do non repent [ â⬠¦ ] you have rejected the best the Earth could offerâ⬠( Hawthorne 222 ) . Hawthorneââ¬â¢s critical lesson is that Aylmer didnââ¬â¢t acknowledge how lucky he was to hold Georgiana. At the terminal of the narrative Aylmer is punished for being dissatisfied with a adult female who pledged her love and entrusted her life to him. a adult female whose inner and outer beauty he could non see and his discontentedness snap away the most perfect thing in his life. Georgiana. Contentment on what we have is the cardinal lesson of this transition when sometimes ; it is adequate to merely complete a undertaking. even if it is non perfect because endeavoring to do it hone could stop up botching many things in the procedure. At the terminal of ââ¬Å"The Birthmark. â⬠Aylmer both succeeds and fails. He succeeds in that he eventually free his married woman of her nevus. He fails in thatâ⬠¦she is dead. Finally. this narrative affect manââ¬â¢s desire to prefect what is already perfect and the usage of scientific discipline as a blemished tool to achieve this flawlessness. Certain. Georgiana dies right afterwards. but the fact remains that Aylmer does so win in taking the nevus from Georgianaââ¬â¢s cheek. What does this state about manââ¬â¢s ability to suppress nature? ââ¬Å"The terminal justifies the agencies. â⬠You can utilize bad or immoral methods every bit long as you accomplish something ââ¬Å"goodâ⬠by utilizing them. It is acceptable to make something bad in order to obtain something good? Plants CitedHawthorne. Nathaniel. â⬠The Birth-markâ⬠. Pearson Custom Library Introduction to Literature. Eds. Cain. Kathleen Shine. Kathleen Fitzpatrick. JN. et. Al. Boston: Pearson Learning Solution. 2013. 209-222. Print.
Wednesday, March 18, 2020
Marilyn Monroe Marriage to Joe essays
Marilyn Monroe Marriage to Joe essays On January 14, 1954, Marilyn married baseball superstar Joe DiMaggio at San Francisco's City Hall. Unfortunately, Marilyn's worldwide fame and sexual image became a theme that haunted their marriage (Haberman 1). The marriage was unrelieved hell. She thought he did not care enough about her career; that he was jealous and discouraged by her willingness to play the national bimbo (Epstein 2). Nine months later on October 27, 1954, Marilyn and Joe divorced. They attributed the split to a "conflict of careers," and remained close friends. I married Joe with love. I thought I was going to have a good life. I thought we were going to have a decent marriage. I thought we were going to have a relationship as a husband and as a wife. And all the things that are entailed in a good marriage. And Ive discovered that the man is absolutely obsessed with jealousy and possessiveness. . . . He doesnt want to know about my business. He doesnt want to know about my work as an actress. He doesnt want me to associate with any of my friends. He wants to cut me off completely from my whole world of motion pictures, friends, and creative people that I know" (Oates 151) Marilyn Monroes divorce from Joe DiMaggio, there was many events that were potential threats to both her sanity and her life. After the divorce, she moved to New York City to pursue a serious career in acting. She studied under the great Lee Strasberg at his Actors' Studio. In the summer of 1956, two things happened. Marilyn married playwright Arthur Miller, and also Marilyn returned to Hollywood to film another movie, "Bus Stop." During this time in her life Marilyn was also forming her own production company with longtime friend Milton Greene. With the money she earned from previous movie roles, Marilyn started her own motion picture company, Marilyn Monroe Productions. Marilyn Monroe Productions would only make one film, 1957's "The Prince and the S...
Sunday, March 1, 2020
Tarantulas Rarely Bite (And Other Facts About the Friendly Spiders)
Tarantulas Rarely Bite (And Other Facts About the Friendly Spiders) Tarantulas are the giants of the spider world, well known for their conspicuous size and their common appearance in movies as evil forces. Many people flinch in horror at the sight of them. These big, beefy spiders strike fear in the hearts of arachnophobes everywhere, but in fact, tarantulas are some of the least aggressive and dangerous spiders around. 1. Tarantulas are quite docile and rarely bite people A tarantula bite to a human is typically no worse than a bee sting in terms of toxicity. Symptoms from most species range from local pain and swelling to stiffness of joints. However, tarantula bites can be lethal to birds and some mammals. 2. Tarantulas defend themselves by throwing needle-like hairs at their attackers If a tarantula does feel threatened, it uses its hind legs to scrape barbed hairs (called urticating or stinging hairs) from its abdomen and flick them in the direction of the threat. Youll know it if they hit you, too, because they cause a nasty, irritating rash. Some people may even suffer a serious allergic reaction as a result, especially if the hairs come in contact with their eyes. The tarantula pays a price, too- it winds up with a noticeable bald spot on its belly. 3. Female tarantulas can live 30 years or longer in the wild Female tarantulas are famously long-lived. In captivity, some species have been known to live for over 30 years. Males, on the other hand, dont live very long once they reach sexual maturity, with a lifespan of just three to 10 years on average. In fact, males dont even molt once they reach maturity. 4. Tarantulas come in a wide variety of colors, shapes, and sizes Colorful tarantulas that can be kept as pets include the Mexican red knee tarantula (Brachypelma smithi), the Chilean rose tarantula (Grammastola rosea), and the pink-toed tarantula (Aricularia avicularia). The largest tarantula known on Earth is the goliath bird eater (Theraphosa blondi), which is fairly fast-growing and can reach a weight of four ounces and a leg span of nine inches. The smallest is the endangered spruce-fir moss spider (Microhexura montivaga); it grows to a maximum size of one-fifteenth of an inch, or about the size of a BB pellet. 5. Tarantulas ambush small prey at night Tarantulas dont use webs to capture prey; instead, they do it the hard way- by hunting on foot. These stealthy hunters sneak up on their prey in the dark of night. Smaller tarantulas eat insects, while some of the larger species hunt frogs, mice, and even birds. Like other spiders, tarantulas paralyze their prey with venom, then use digestive enzymes to turn their meal into a soupy liquid. Tarantula venom is made up of a species-specific mix of salts, amino acids, neurotransmitters, polyamines, peptides, proteins, and enzymes. Because these toxins are hugely varied across species, they have become a target for scientific research for potential medical uses. 6. A fall can be fatal to a tarantula Tarantulas are rather thin-skinned creatures, particularly around the abdomen. Even a fall from a height of less than a foot can cause a deadly rupture of the exoskeleton. The heaviest species are the most susceptible to damage from drops. For this reason, handling a tarantula is never recommended. Its easy for you to get spooked- or, even more likely, for the tarantula to get spooked. What would you do if a huge, hairy spider started squirming in your hand? Youd probably drop it, and quickly. If you must handle a tarantula, either let the animal walk onto your hand or pick the spider up directly with cupped hands. Never handle a tarantula during or near the time of her molt, an annual period that can last up to a month. 7. Tarantulas have retractable claws on each leg, like cats Since falls can be so dangerous for tarantulas, its important for them to get a good grip when theyre climbing. Though most tarantulas tend to stay on the ground, some species are arboreal, meaning they climb trees and other objects. By extending special claws at the end of each leg, a tarantula can get a better grasp of whatever surface it is attempting to scale. For this reason, it is best to avoid mesh tops for tarantula tanks, because the spiders claws can get caught in them. 8. Though tarantulas don't spin webs, they do use silk Like all spiders, tarantulas produce silk, and they put it to use in clever ways. Females use silk to decorate the interior of their underground burrows, and the material is thought to strengthen the earthen walls. Males weave silken mats on which to lay their sperm. Females encase their eggs in silken cocoons. Tarantulas also use silk trap lines near their burrows to alert themselves to potential prey, or to the approach of predators. Scientists have discovered that tarantulas can produce silk with their feet in addition to using spinnerets as other spiders do. 9. Most tarantulas wander around during the summer months During the warmest months of the year, sexually mature males begin their quest to find a mate. Most tarantula encounters occur during this period, as males often disregard their own safety and wander around during daylight hours. Should he find a burrowing female, a male tarantula will tap the ground with his legs, politely announcing his presence. This suitor is a good source of much-needed protein for the female, and she may try to eat him once hes presented her with his sperm. 10. Tarantulas can regenerate lost legs Because tarantulas molt throughout their lives, replacing their exoskeletons as they grow, they have the ability to repair any damage theyve sustained. Should a tarantula lose a leg, a new one will reappear the next time it molts. Depending on the tarantulas age and the length of time before its next molt, the regenerated leg may not be quite as long as the one it lost. Over successive molts, the leg will gradually get longer until it reaches its normal size again. Tarantulas will sometimes eat their detached legs as a way to recycle protein.
Friday, February 14, 2020
Business Law Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words
Business Law Report - Essay Example ..8 3.2 Scenarioâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦9 1. Introduction Promissory estoppel is an equitable doctrine that applies to contract law to enforce a promise that is unsupported by consideration. It involves a promise given by one of the parties to a contract, during its performance, not to insist to the terms of the original contract (Feinman, 1984). This doctrine mitigates the harshness of the common law which insists that any promise which is unsupported by a consideration cannot be enforced. In the law of contract, parties must furnish consideration to make the contract binding. Therefore the words ââ¬Ëestoppedââ¬â¢ means ââ¬Ëpreventedââ¬â¢ or precluded. It prevents a party to a contract from denying the truth of a promissory representation (Feinman, 1984). Lord Denning in Combe v Combe[1951] 2 KB 215 at 220defined the doctrine by stating that ââ¬Å" the principle, as I understand it, is that, where one party has, by his words or conduct, made to the other a promise or assurance which was intended to affect the legal relations between them and to be acted on accordingly, then, once the other party has taken him at his word and acted on it, the one who gave the promise or assurance cannot afterwards be allowed to revert to the previous legal relations as if no such promise or assurance had been made by him, but he must accept their legal relations subject to the qualification which he himself has introduced, even though it is not supported in points of law by any consideration but only by his wordsâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ 2. Requirements of Promissory Estoppel This English position was first adopted in Australia by the High Courtââ¬â¢s decision in Legione v Hateley(1983) 152 CLR 406. It sets some key ingredients for the application of the doctrine. First, there must be a pre-existing cont ract between the parties, which they seek to modify. Secondly, there must be a clear and unambiguous promise, which one party relies on as result of which they change their position and lastly, it must be inequitable to allow the promisor to go back on their promise. 2.1. Pre-existing Relationship There must be a legal relationship that existed between the parties. The parties ought to be in a continuing legal relationship, in the course of which, one of the parties agrees to the variation, and/or termination of the current one. Promissory estoppel cannot exist in a vacuum, and that it would only arise where there is an existing relationship between the parties.In most instances the existence of a relationship suffices from the existence of a contract (Boyer, 1952). In essence, the underlying contract must have been enforceable, and consideration for the subsequent agreement that is not required (Boyer, 1952). The requirement for the existence of a contract for the application of th e doctrine of estoppel was held not necessary in the Australian case of Waltons Stores (Interstate) Ltd v Maher[1988] HCA 7. The brief facts of the case were that Walton and Maher entered into a negotiation with regards to a lease of a property that was owned by Maher. They agreed that Maher would demolish a building that was in existence and build a new one which Walton would then occupy. The parties entered principally into an
Saturday, February 1, 2020
Auteurism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words
Auteurism - Essay Example However, nobody else believed the rain would fall as Noah had prophesied and hence all the people drowned except Noahââ¬â¢s family. In the Aronofskyââ¬â¢s film ââ¬ËNoahââ¬â¢, action starts by showing Noah being haunted by frightening visions that indicate that all humanity was faced with divine destruction as a punishment for their sin (Stasukevich, 2014). Another character was ââ¬ËMethuselahââ¬â¢ who was more of an advisor to Noah and was acted by Antony Hopkins. Accompanying Noah and Methuselah in the movie was his wife ââ¬ËNaamehââ¬â¢ acted by the Jennifer Connelly, and Noahââ¬â¢s children. Noah is portrayed building the Ark with only his family while the rest of the people watch in delusion. Methuselah is depicted to be living in a cave in a mountainous area. The people were led by Tubal Cain in rebellion and since they finally ignored Godââ¬â¢s warning, they faced judgment. Tubal Cain was acted by Ray Winstone (Stasukevich, 2014). The film does not clearly display who the hero is between Tubal Cain and Noah. It is because Tubal Cain emerges sharply in action with strong influence over the people, only to perish with them in water. At some point, the rebelling people referred to as watchers, capture Noah and his family and put them in a pit. Therefore, Tubal Cainââ¬â¢s role in the film appears to be an anti-climax while the less action-oriented actor Noah emerges as the hero. Unlike in the real bible story, Noah is seen in a battle with Tubal Cain. The animals enter the Ark in a systematic manner, almost showing divine direction and Noahââ¬â¢s ability to control their behavior. According to the cinematographer Mathew Libatique, Aronofsky prefers imageââ¬â¢s motion that is controlled, moves naturally, and almost flows uniformly with the film background (Stasukevich, 2014). Libatique explains this emphasizing the reason why he had to use handheld camera to shoot Aronofskyââ¬â¢s film.
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